{"id":39854,"date":"2019-10-28T06:23:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-28T00:53:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/%e4%b8%93%e5%88%a9%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e4%b8%93%e5%88%a9%ef%bc%8c%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%ef%bc%9f"},"modified":"2026-01-07T16:24:23","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T10:54:23","slug":"zhuan-li-xiang-jie-shen-me-shi-zhuan-li-ru-he-huo-qu-5374","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.cn\/insights\/zhuan-li-xiang-jie-shen-me-shi-zhuan-li-ru-he-huo-qu-5374\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e13\u5229\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e13\u5229\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u56f0\u60d1\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u8981\u7533\u8bf7\u4e2a\u4e13\u5229\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u62d3\u5c55\u5173\u4e8e\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f26\u7406\u9009\u62e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e30\u539a\u7684\u62a5\u916c\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u62d2\u7edd\u7ed9\u6025\u9700\u7684\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u533b\u7597\u5e2e\u52a9\uff1f\u90a3\u4e48\u57fa\u56e0\u6539\u826f\u7684\u690d\u7269\u5462\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u51e0\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u9965\u997f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8bdd\uff1f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\u5462\uff1f\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u65e0\u529b\u652f\u4ed8\u865a\u9ad8\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u62d2\u7edd\u63d0\u4f9b\u521b\u65b0\u53d1\u660e\u7ed9\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u540c\u6837\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5728\u5bfb\u6c42\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u540e\u679c\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u7d22\u975e\u5e03\u97e6\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.msf.org\/appeal-lodged-against-decision-uphold-gilead's-patent-hepatitis-c-drug\">\u4e00\u79cd\u6cbb\u7597\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u836f\u7269<\/a>\uff0c\u5f53\u83b7\u5f97\u4e13\u5229\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6297\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u8c08\u5230\u201c\u7cbe\u795e\u201d(ethos), \u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3002\u5bf9\u4f60\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5e94\u8be5\u5f97\u5230\u627f\u8ba4\u548c\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e5f\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e3a\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u8c0b\u798f\u5229\u7684\u8bdd\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8981\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u884c\u8d70\u9ad8\u5c1a\u9053\u8def\u201d (<a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=1-iIf8aXICNj8OfcqDqxLqVUBlPQryUxi\">Horne, 2019<\/a>) \u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u5f53\u6210\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5e94\u5f97\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u544a\u8bc9\u5168\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5230\u8fd9\u6765\u662f\u5206\u4eab\u6211\u7684\u521b\u610f\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4eec\u3002\u201d\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u601d\u8003\u4f60\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u5185\u7701\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u5bf9\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u6f84\u6e05\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u52fe\u52d2\u4e86\u53d6\u5f97\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u667a\u8bc6\u4e0a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e00\u5df1\u79c1\u5229\u628a\u6301\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\uff08\u5982\u540c\u7d22\u8981\u8d4e\u91d1\u4e00\u6837\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u53d6\u5f97\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u62a5\u916c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5b66\u5230\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e13\u5229\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u7533\u8bf7\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6210\u529f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e5d\u5341\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d6\u5f97\u5546\u4e1a\u56de\u62a5\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.allbusiness.com\/97-percent-of-all-patents-never-make-any-money-15258080-1.html\">\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f97%<\/a>\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u521b\u610f\u80fd\u5426\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5e02\u573a\u5206\u6790\u201d\u6765\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u6700\u597d\u7559\u7ed9\u4e13\u5bb6\u53bb\u505a\u3002\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u597d\u5146\u5934\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u70b9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e13\u5229\u65b0\u9896\u6027\u8bc1\u4e66\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u540c\u884c\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u66f4\u5728\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u4f60\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e00\u5458\u5bf9\u6574\u4f53\u798f\u5229\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u601d\u8003\u4f60\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u4f60\u6240\u5728\u7684\u73af\u5883\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u7533\u8bf7\u4e13\u5229\u3002\u8be2\u95ee\u4f60\u7684\u673a\u6784\u6216\u8005\u96c7\u4e3b\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4e3a\u4f60\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\u4e0a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u53d6\u5f97\u4e13\u5229\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u575a\u6301\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\u4e0a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u5f52\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\u6216\u8005\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u6e21\u4efb\u4f55\u6743\u5229\u7ed9\u96c7\u4e3b\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u4f60\u7684\u4fdd\u5bc6\/\u7ade\u4e1a\u7981\u6b62\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4f60\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5df2\u65e0\u5fc5\u8981\u518d\u7814\u7a76\u7533\u8bf7\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u8981\u67e5\u8003\u4f60\u52a0\u5165\u6240\u5728\u673a\u6784\u65f6\u7b7e\u7f72\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u7248\u6743\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u548c\u4e13\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.<strong>\u7248\u6743<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7248\u6743\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u4eba\u3001\u8bd7\u4eba\u3001\u753b\u5bb6\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u5168\u7403\u7248\u6743\u201d\u4e00\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u7248\u6743\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/treaties\/en\/ip\/berne\/summary_berne.html\">\u4f2f\u5c14\u5c3c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u516c\u7ea6<\/a>\u300b\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u5168\u7403\u627f\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2.<strong>\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u662f\u6307\u4ec5\u88ab\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u5b9e\u4f53\uff08\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\uff09\u8d1f\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u77e5\u6653\u7684\u521b\u610f\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8be5\u5b9e\u4f53\u53ef\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u5229\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5982\u679c\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u8bdd\u5c06\u5141\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4eba\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u914d\u65b9\uff08\u5982\u8f6f\u996e\u6599\u6216\u98df\u54c1\uff09\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u6d41\u7a0b\u6216\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u6216\u7ec4\u7ec7\/\u4e2a\u4eba\u6301\u6709\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u4f7f\u516c\u4f17\u5c55\u793a\u4ea7\u54c1\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e0a<a href=\"http:\/\/\">\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3.<strong>\u4e13\u5229<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u4e0b\u5c5e\u673a\u6784<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/about-wipo\/en\/\">\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/a>\uff08WIPO\uff09\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/treaties\/en\/text.jsp?file_id=283854\">\u9f13\u52b1\u521b\u9020\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4fdd\u62a4\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743<\/a>\u201d\uff08\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300a\u4e13\u5229\u5408\u4f5c\u6761\u7ea6\u300b2019\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u5b97\u65e8\u4e0b\u5236\u8ba2\u6709\u300a\u4e13\u5229\u5408\u4f5c\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff08PCT\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u6761\u7ea6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u7533\u8bf7\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u5404\u56fd\u6240\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><em>\u4e13\u5229\u662f\u5bf9\u53d1\u660e\u6388\u4e88\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4e13\u6709\u6743\u5229\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e13\u5229\u662f\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e13\u6709\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ea7\u54c1\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u505a\u4e8b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6216\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8981\u53d6\u5f97\u4e13\u5229\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4e00\u4efd\u4e13\u5229\u7533\u8bf7\u4e2d\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u62ab\u9732\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u300a\u4e13\u5229\u5408\u4f5c\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u7f14\u7ea6\u56fd\u5404\u81ea\u5bf9\u201c\u4e13\u5229\u201d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u7b26\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e13\u5229\u53ca\u5546\u6807\u5c40(USPTO) \u5bf9\u201c\u4e13\u5229\u201d\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uspto.gov\/patents-getting-started\/general-information-concerning-patents#heading-12\">\u5b9a\u4e49<\/a>\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u6392\u9664\u4ed6\u4eba\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5168\u5883\u5236\u9020\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u9500\u552e\u3001\u8bb8\u8bfa\u9500\u552e\u6216\u8fdb\u53e3\u8be5\u9879\u53d1\u660e\u4e13\u5229\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u201d\u7684\u6743\u5229(\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e13\u5229\u53ca\u5546\u6807\u5c40\u300a\u4e13\u5229\u4fe1\u606f\u300b2015)\u3002\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipaustralia.gov.au\/patents\/understanding-patents\/types-patents\">\u5b9a\u4e49<\/a>\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u4e13\u5229\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u7533\u8bf7\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u65b0\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6709\u7528\u6027\u3001\u53d1\u660e\u6027\u6216\u9769\u65b0\u6027\u201d\uff08\u300a\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u6cd5\u300b2019\uff09\u3002\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ic.gc.ca\/eic\/site\/cipointernet-internetopic.nsf\/eng\/wr03716.html?Open&amp;wt_src=cipo-patent-main\">\u5b9a\u4e49<\/a>\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u4e13\u5229\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65b0\u7684\u2014\u4e16\u754c\u9996\u521b<\/li>\n<li>\u6709\u7528\u7684\u2014\u5177\u6709\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<li>\u521b\u65b0\u7684&#8211;\u5177\u6709\u5947\u601d\u5999\u60f3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u6240\u5728\u9886\u57df\u5177\u6709\u5e73\u5747\u6280\u80fd\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b64\u79cd\u521b\u610f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/ipindia.nic.in\/writereaddata\/Portal\/IPOAct\/1_31_1_patent-act-1970-11march2015.pdf\">\u58f0\u79f0\u662f\u6b64\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u660e\u4eba\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba<\/a>\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e13\u5229\u5ba1\u67e5\u8005\u4f1a\u68c0\u7d22\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u732e\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u7533\u8bf7\u8005\u6240\u58f0\u79f0\u7684\u539f\u521b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u8981\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u4e13\u5229\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patent_Cooperation_Treaty\">51\u9875\u7684\u300a\u4e13\u5229\u5408\u4f5c\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff08PCT\uff09<\/a>\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0ePCT\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4e13\u5229\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f3a\u5236\u4f60\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5374\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d1f\u9762\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u963b\u6b62\u548c\u627c\u6740\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u9ad8\u6602\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u633d\u6551\u751f\u547d\u7684\u521b\u610f\u4e0a\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7533\u8bf7\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u516c\u5e03\u521b\u610f\uff0c\u4eba\u4e3a\u7684\u9ad8\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002(<a href=\"https:\/\/issues.org\/what-do-patents-mean\/\">Miller, 2019<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/files.stlouisfed.org\/files\/htdocs\/wp\/2012\/2012-035.pdf\">Boldrin and Levine, 2012<\/a>) \u8fd9\u91cc\u518d\u6b21\u9700\u8981\u5ba1\u89c6\u4f60\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u8981\u963b\u6b62\u4ed6\u4eba\u5f97\u5230\u67d0\u79cd\u597d\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/pct\/en\/texts\/articles\/a43.html\">\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e13\u5229\u5408\u4f5c\u6761\u7ea6\u300b<\/a>\uff0c\u4e13\u5229\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u53d1\u660e\u4eba\u8bc1\u4e66\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u8bc1\u4e66\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u65b0\u578b\u3001\u589e\u8865\u4e13\u5229\u6216\u589e\u8865\u8bc1\u4e66\u3001\u589e\u8865\u53d1\u660e\u4eba\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u589e\u8865\u5b9e\u7528\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1b\u4f46\u8fd9\u540d\u5355\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u4e13\u5229\u53ca\u201c\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u7528\u4e13\u5229<\/strong>\u2014\u53ef\u6388\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u53d1\u660e\u6216\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001\u673a\u5668\u3001\u5236\u9020\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u7269\u8d28\u7ec4\u5408\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u6709\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u4eba\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e13\u5229<\/strong>\u2014\u53ef\u6388\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u4e3a\u5236\u9020\u7269\u54c1\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u539f\u521b\u6027\u53ca\u88c5\u9970\u6027\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u4eba\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u690d\u7269\u4e13\u5229<\/strong>\u2014\u53ef\u6388\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u53d1\u660e\u6216\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u65e0\u6027\u751f\u6b96\u65b9\u5f0f\u7e41\u6b96\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u533a\u522b\u6027\u4e14\u65b0\u9896\u4e4b\u690d\u7269\u54c1\u79cd\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u4eba(USPTO, loc. cit.).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e13\u5229\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5212\u5206\u6216\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u6709\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipaustralia.gov.au\/patents\/understanding-patents\/types-patents\">\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u521b\u65b0\u4e13\u5229<\/a>\u201d\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5212\u5206\u662f\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/english.cnipa.gov.cn\/lawpolicy\/patentlawsregulations\/915574.htm\">\u53d1\u660e\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u65b0\u578b\u548c\u5916\u89c2\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/a>\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/rupto.ru\/content\/uploadfiles\/Civil_Code.pdf\">\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u6cd5\u5178<\/a>\u300b\u7b2c1225\u6761\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u5bbd\u6cdb\u7684\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u667a\u529b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6210\u679c\u201d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6240\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u3002\u3002\u3002\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5b9e\u4f53\u3001\u5546\u54c1\u3001\u4f5c\u54c1\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u201d\u9879\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e13\u5229\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u53d1\u660e\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u65b0\u578b\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u66f4\u7ec6\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u201c\u96c6\u6210\u7535\u8def\u5e03\u56fe\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u79d8\u5bc6\uff08\u6280\u672f\u79d8\u5bc6\uff09\u3002\u201d\u690d\u7269\u4e13\u5229\u901a\u5e38\u9002\u7528\u5b9e\u7528\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9700\u8981\u53ca\u5176\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u7d22\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u4e0a\u4f20\u7533\u8bf7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u770b\u770b\u5b9e\u7528\u4e13\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u7533\u8bf7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7533\u8bf7\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u300a\u4e13\u5229\u5408\u4f5c\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u6388\u4e88\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u5229\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u7533\u8bf7\uff08\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u4e13\u5229\u7533\u8bf7\u201d\u6216\u201cPPA\u201d\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u975e\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u7533\u8bf7\uff08\u201c\u6b63\u5e38\u201d\u4e13\u5229\u7533\u8bf7\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u91cd\u70b9\u770b\u524d\u4e24\u79cd\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u6b63\u5e38\u201d\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u7533\u8bf7\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u610f\/\u88c5\u7f6e\u5df2\u7ecf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6210\u719f\u540e\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7406\u7531\u76f8\u4fe1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e02\u573a\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u8fd8\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e34\u65f6\u4e13\u5229\u7533\u8bf7\uff08PPA\uff09\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8981\u8bef\u89e3\u3002\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u201d\u4e13\u5229\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u4e13\u5229\u2014\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6388\u6743\u6587\u4ef6\u2014\u4ee5\u53ca\u7533\u8bf7\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002PPA\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u6b65\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5ba3\u79f0\u4f60\u7684\u521b\u610f\u7684\u539f\u521b\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u7a0d\u540e\u7531\u5ba1\u67e5\u8005\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>PPA\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u5360\u4f4d\u201d\uff0c\u636e\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u539f\u521b\u58f0\u660e\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u5148\u6743\u65e5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u548c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u7533\u8bf7\u5b9e\u7528\u4e13\u5229\uff08\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u975e\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\uff09\u800c\u4f60\u5148\u63d0\u4ea4\u7533\u8bf7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u7684PPA\u5c31\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u6392\u4f4d\u9760\u524d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u8d5b\u8dd1\uff01\u53e6\u5916\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PPA \u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6253\u5f00\u5ba1\u67e5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>PPA \u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4e13\u5229\u672a\u51b3\u201d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4f60\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u201d\u6765\u770b\u770b\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<li>PPA\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u6b63\u5f0f\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u4e5f\u4f4e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5f8b\u5e08\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u51c6\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u7814\u7a76\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u7533\u8bf7PPA, 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\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0cPPA\u4e0ePCT\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u901a\u8fc7WIPO\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u8d39\u7528\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f60\u5374\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u4e3a\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u68c0\u7d22\u62a5\u544a\u4ee5\u53ca18\u4e2a\u6708\uff08\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8ePPA\u768412\u4e2a\u6708\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u8003\u8651\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e13\u5229\u7533\u8bf7\uff08PCT,2019\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u63d0\u9192\u4f60\u4e0e\u96c7\u4e3b\u786e\u8ba4\u4f60\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\u4e0a\u6216\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u6709\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u7533\u8bf7\u4e13\u5229(NDA-NCA, etc.)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86PPA, 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\u4f26\u7406\u9009\u62e9 \u5982\u679c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":164,"featured_media":60567,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[724,67],"tags":[131],"new_categories":[],"new_tags":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-39854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ban-quan-117","category-dao-de-sheng-ming-36","tag-ban-quan-117"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u4e13\u5229\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e13\u5229\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\uff1f | \u610f\u5f97\u8f91\u4e13\u5bb6\u89c6\u70b9 Editage Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u4f60\u53ef\u66fe\u72b9\u8c6b\u662f\u5426\u8981\u7533\u8bf7\u4e13\u5229\uff1f\u9700\u8981\u505a\u54ea\u4e9b\u51c6\u5907\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u4e13\u5229\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u52a0\u4e86\u89e3\u4e13\u5229\u76f8\u5173\u4e8b\u5b9c\u3002\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/localhost\/editagechinanew\/zhuan-li-xiang-jie-shen-me-shi-zhuan-li-ru-he-huo-qu-5374\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u4e13\u5229\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e13\u5229\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\uff1f | \u610f\u5f97\u8f91\u4e13\u5bb6\u89c6\u70b9 Editage Insights\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" 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