{"id":39677,"date":"2016-09-13T11:32:07","date_gmt":"2016-09-13T06:02:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ae%b6%e8%b0%88%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%ef%bc%9a%e7%a7%91%e7%a0%94%e4%ba%ba%e5%91%98%e4%b8%ba%e4%bd%95%e8%af%a5%e6%8e%a5%e8%a7%a6%e5%85%ac%e4%bc%97"},"modified":"2026-01-07T16:22:45","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T10:52:45","slug":"da-jia-tan-ke-xue-ke-yan-ren-yuan-wei-he-gai-jie-chu-gong-zhong-2655","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.cn\/insights\/da-jia-tan-ke-xue-ke-yan-ren-yuan-wei-he-gai-jie-chu-gong-zhong-2655\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5927\u5bb6\u8c08\u79d1\u5b66\uff1a\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u4e3a\u4f55\u8be5\u63a5\u89e6\u516c\u4f17"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u79d1\u5b66\u5f88\u5c11\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u4f17\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u89c9\u5f97\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u8ba9\u61c2\u7684\u4eba\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5f52\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u7ba1\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u5c06\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u770b\u4f5c\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u662f\u8c61\u7259\u5854\u91cc\u7684\u9690\u58eb\u3002\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u4e0e\u5927\u4f17\u95f4\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u9e3f\u6c9f\u8ba9\u79d1\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u8bef\u4f20\u3001\u5e26\u6765\u79d1\u7814\u8bae\u9898\u6b67\u4e49\u3001\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5171\u8bc6\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u524d\uff0c\u65b9\u6d4e\u5404\u6559\u5b97\uff08<span style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\u00a0Pope Francis<\/span>\uff09\u5728\u89c1\u8fc7\u7f8e\u56fd\u77e5\u540d\u6c14\u5019\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 Veerabhadran Ramanathan \u540e\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/saltandlighttv.org\/thefranciseffect\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u8c08\u5230\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u6696\u5316\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8ba9\u5168\u7403\u5173\u6ce8\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u751f\u6d3b\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u8bae\u9898<\/a>\u3002\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u8ba9\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5185\u5916\u4eba\u58eb\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba8\u8bba\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u5927\u4f17\u5bf9\u79d1\u7814\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u9677\u5165<a href=\"https:\/\/www.editage.cn\/insights\/series\/misinformation-in-science\">\u5371\u8a00\u8038\u542c\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u62a5\u9053\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bb8\u591a\u6c9f\u901a\u8bef\u4f20<\/a>\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.dilbert.com\/post\/109880240641\/sciences-biggest-fail\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u4f5c\u5bb6\u517c\u6f2b\u753b\u5bb6 Scott Adams \u8d28\u7591\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6<\/a>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e00\u822c\u516c\u8ba4\u79d1\u5b66\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e13\u5bb6\u51fa\u6765\u8c08\u8bdd\u9010\u6e10\u9020\u6210\u5927\u4f17\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u548c\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u975e\u79d1\u7814\u5708\u4eba\u58eb\u53c2\u4e0e\u79d1\u7814\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u5bf9\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u4f5c\u7269\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u8fc1\u7b49\u8bae\u9898\u505a\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u5584\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7a0e\u91d1\uff0c\u5bf9\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u653f\u7b56\u53d1\u8868\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u79d1\u7814\u57fa\u91d1\u63d0\u51fa\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u540c\u610f\u516c\u4f17\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u8fdf\u8fdf\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u540c\u5927\u5bb6\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u6700\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981\u5fd9\u7740\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u7533\u8bf7\u57fa\u91d1\u3001\u5904\u7406\u884c\u653f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u3001\u664b\u5347\u8bc4\u7b49\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u4f46\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u963b\u6b62\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u516c\u4f17\u4e92\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f Kevin Boehnke <a href=\"https:\/\/sciencecareers.sciencemag.org\/career_magazine\/previous_issues\/articles\/2015_11_23\/caredit.a1500267\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u62dc\u8bbf\u4e86\u51e0\u4f4d\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e3a\u4f55\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u89e6\u53ca\u7fa4\u4f17\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236<\/a>\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4ed6\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u8bae\u9898\u53d1\u58f0\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4f1a\u88ab\u8d34\u4e0a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u62c5\u5fc3\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u201c\u8428\u6839\u6548\u5e94\u201d(Sagan effect)\uff0c\u8428\u6839\u6548\u5e94\u6307\u7684\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/baldscientist.wordpress.com\/2013\/02\/10\/the-sagan-effect\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u4e00\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u4f17\u4e2d\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u58f0\u671b\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0e\u6570\u91cf\u6210\u53cd\u6bd4<\/a>\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u4e92\u52a8\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u59a5\u5584\u5229\u7528\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u7167\u7406\u6765\u8bf4\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u6765\u6b63\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u53cd\u5f39\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u5f53\u65b0\u95fb\u516c\u5e03\u7531\u60e0\u5eb7\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a (Wellcome Trust) \u8d44\u52a9\u5173\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.exeter.ac.uk\/news\/featurednews\/title_469490_en.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u8138\u90e8\u6bdb\u53d1\u4e0e\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5386\u53f2<\/a>\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6848\u65f6\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u6c11\u4f17<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/news\/article-3223817\/A-stubble-university-academic-spend-three-years-studying-history-beards.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u653b\u51fb<\/a>\u3002\u6574\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u53bb\u4ed8\u51fa\u52aa\u529b\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u751a\u81f3\uff0c\u9ad8\u6821\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u8fd8\u6709\u8d44\u52a9\u5355\u4f4d\u4e5f\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u6c9f\u901a\u4e0d\u591f\u5173\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u8fdc\u79bb\u516c\u4f17\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8ddf Environmental Earth System Science \u526f\u6559\u6388\u517c\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u571f\u6728\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u7cfb\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u5458 Noah Diffenbaugh \u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u6c9f\u901a\u662f\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.agu.org\/sciencecommunication\/2015\/02\/17\/science-communication-responsibility\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f53\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u6211\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/a>\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u9ad8\u6821\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u9f13\u52b1\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u8003\u8651\u5c06\u79d1\u5b66\u6c9f\u901a\u7eb3\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u53bb\u505a\u5230\u79d1\u5b66\u6c9f\u901a\u3002\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u516c\u4f17\u4e92\u52a8\u4e5f\u80fd\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u5e26\u6765\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u88ab\u66f4\u66f4\u591a\u4eba\u770b\u5230\uff1b\u8003\u91cf\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u8d44\u52a9\u5355\u4f4d\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u652f\u6301\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002Public Understanding of Science \u897f\u8499\u5c3c\u6559\u6388\u517c\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u6388 Marcus du Sautoy \u5c31\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/communicating-science-to-the-publicand-to-other-scientists\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4e24\u70b9\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u6c9f\u901a\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u89e6\u53ca\u66f4\u5e7f\u5927\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5bf9\u8eab\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u4f60\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u65b0\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/a>\u300d\u968f\u7740\u79d1\u6280\u8fdb\u6b65\u8de8\u8d8a\u5730\u7406\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4e0e\u66f4\u591a\u7fa4\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u6c9f\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u505a\u79d1\u7814\u662f\u4ef6\u8270\u8f9b\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u4e3b\u52a8\u5411\u5927\u4f17\u8bf4\u660e\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u8ba9\u79d1\u5b66\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u5bb9\u6613\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u521b\u9020\u66f4\u53cb\u5584\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u6765\u80fd\u7f29\u5c0f\u79d1\u7814\u5708\u4e0e\u975e\u79d1\u7814\u5708\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u79d1\u7814\u8bef\u4f20\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u975e\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u58eb\u5bf9\u79d1\u7814\u8bae\u9898\u66f4\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u80fd\u4ece\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u4e8b\u53d8\u6210\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89c2\u8d4f\u610f\u5f97\u8f91\u4e13\u5bb6\u89c6\u70b9\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u4e86\u89e3\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<div 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