{"id":39392,"date":"2015-03-24T06:54:52","date_gmt":"2015-03-24T01:24:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/%e7%a7%91%e7%a0%94%e7%95%8c%e7%9a%84%e6%80%a7%e5%88%ab%e5%81%8f%e8%a7%81%e6%98%af%e8%bf%b7%e6%80%9d%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e7%8e%b0%e5%ae%9e%ef%bc%9f"},"modified":"2026-01-07T16:23:28","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T10:53:28","slug":"ke-yan-jie-de-xing-bie-pian-jian-shi-mi-si-hai-shi-xian-shi-2358","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.cn\/insights\/ke-yan-jie-de-xing-bie-pian-jian-shi-mi-si-hai-shi-xian-shi-2358\/","title":{"rendered":"\u79d1\u7814\u754c\u7684\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u662f\u8ff7\u601d\u8fd8\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<div class=\"blue-box\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width:590px;\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u6027\u522b\u91cd\u8981\u5417\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\uff01<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u4f46\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5230\u5bf9\u4e8b\u60c5\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\u5417\uff1f\u8fd9\u5c31\u53e6\u5f53\u522b\u8bba\u4e86<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">&#8211; Vera Rubin, Astronomer: Established the presence of dark matter in galaxies in the 1970s<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"blue-box\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"blue-box\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>\u300c\u7537\u4eba\u6765\u81ea\u706b\u661f\ufe51\u5973\u4eba\u6765\u81ea\u91d1\u661f\u300d\u7b97\u662f\u5bf9\u4e24\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u6700\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8be6\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6e90\u81ea\u4e8e\u7537\u5973\u5bf9\u4eba\u751f\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\ufe51\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\ufe51\u8be0\u91ca\u548c\u505a\u6cd5\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u6982\u8bba\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u4e13\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u6bd4\u5982\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\ufe51\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7b49\u5728\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e0a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8981\u662f\u4ee5\u6027\u522b\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7537\u5973\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u4f1a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u79d1\u7814\u754c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5ba2\u89c2\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5e94\u6709\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u51e0\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u6307\u51fa\u591a\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u7684\u786e\u6709\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1<sup>1, 2, 3, 4<\/sup>\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6bd4\u7537\u6027\u9762\u5bf9\u66f4\u591a\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e09\u9879\u5c0f\u578b\u4f46\u522b\u5177\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u7814\u7a76\u754c\u7684\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u8036\u9c81\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4fd7\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c2012 \u8036\u9c81\u7814\u7a76\u201d\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/109\/41\/16474.full\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u8bc1\u636e<\/a>\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c\u662f\u88ab\u8bad\u7ec3\u8981\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u504f\u89c1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u641c\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b66\u672f\u4eba\u58eb\u672a\u5fc5\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5b58\u5728\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u968f\u673a\u53cc\u76f2\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7 127 \u4f4d\u8d44\u6df1\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6559\u804c\u5458\u5ba1\u6838\u5e94\u5f81\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7684\u4eba\uff0c127 \u4f4d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u90fd\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5e94\u5f81\u8005\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u59d3\u540d\u6709\u7537\u6709\u5973\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u7ed9\u7537\u6027\u5e94\u5f81\u8005\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6bd4\u5973\u6027\u9ad8\uff08\u89c1 Fig 1\uff09\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u5e94\u5f81\u8005\u4e5f\u83b7\u5f97\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u3002\u4e2d\u4ecb\u6548\u5e94\u68c0\u9a8c\u53cd\u6620\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u89c9\u5f97\u5973\u6027\u5e94\u5f81\u8005\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u5982\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u56fe\u793a\uff08\u6e90\u81ea\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u53d1\u8868\u539f\u6587\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Yale study: How participants rated male and female applicants\" class=\"responsive\" data-file_info=\"%7B%22fid%22:%221744%22,%22view_mode%22:%22default%22,%22fields%22:%7B%22format%22:%22default%22,%22field_file_image_alt_text%5Bund%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%22:%22Yale%20study:%20How%20participants%20rated%20male%20and%20female%20applicants%22,%22field_file_image_title_text%5Bund%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%22:%22Yale%20study:%20How%20participants%20rated%20male%20and%20female%20applicants%22,%22field_image_tags%5Bund%5D%5Btextfield%5D%22:%22%22,%22field_image_tags%5Bund%5D%5Bvalue_field%5D%22:%22%5C%22%5C%22%5C%22%5C%22%22%7D,%22type%22:%22media%22%7D\" src=\"https:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Fig%201.JPG\" title=\"Yale study: How participants rated male and female applicants\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Yale study: How male and female applicants were rated on salary\" class=\"responsive\" data-file_info=\"%7B%22fid%22:%221745%22,%22view_mode%22:%22default%22,%22fields%22:%7B%22format%22:%22default%22,%22field_file_image_alt_text%5Bund%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%22:%22Yale%20study:%20How%20male%20and%20female%20applicants%20were%20rated%20on%20salary%22,%22field_file_image_title_text%5Bund%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%22:%22Yale%20study:%20How%20male%20and%20female%20applicants%20were%20rated%20on%20salary%22,%22field_image_tags%5Bund%5D%5Btextfield%5D%22:%22%22,%22field_image_tags%5Bund%5D%5Bvalue_field%5D%22:%22%5C%22%5C%22%5C%22%5C%22%22%7D,%22type%22:%22media%22%7D\" src=\"https:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Fig%202.JPG\" title=\"Yale study: How male and female applicants were rated on salary\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#333333;\">\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the Unites States of America (PNAS) website:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/109\/41\/16474.full\">http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/109\/41\/16474.full<\/a> (Copyright: Corinne A. Moss-Racusin et al.)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u82e5\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u6559\u804c\u7ea7\u522b\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6d88\u9664\u6f5c\u610f\u8bc6\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6bd4\u8f83\u5929\u8d4b\u548c\u5148\u5929\u624d\u80fd<\/strong><strong>\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u667a\u6167\u8ba4\u5b9a\u6210\u529f\u987b\u8981\u5148\u5929\u7684\u624d\u80fd\u6216\u5929\u8d4b\u52a0\u4e0a\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5929\u8d4b\u624d\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4e3b\u56e0\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u52aa\u529b\u6bd4\u5929\u8d4b\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.editage.cn\/insights\/gender-bias-in-academia-more-about-attitude-than-aptitude\" target=\"_blank\">Sarah-Jane Leslie\ufe51Andrei Cimpian\ufe51Meredith Meyer\u548cEdward Freeland \u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u5f71\u54cd\u5973\u6027\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6210\u529f\u673a\u4f1a<\/a>\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u63a2\u8ba8\u5728\u8f83\u91cd\u89c6\u5929\u8d4b\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f\u5426\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5973\u6027\u6210\u529f\u673a\u4f1a\u662f\u5426\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5047\u8bbe\u201c\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5929\u8d4b\u662f\u6210\u529f\u4e3b\u56e0\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5973\u6027\u4eba\u5458\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u662f\u5973\u6027\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u5929\u8d4b\u201d\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9 1,820 \u540d\u7814\u7a76\u751f\ufe51\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u6559\u804c\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd 9 \u6240\u77e5\u540d\u9ad8\u6821\u5171 30 \u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5728\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6709\u6240\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5929\u8d4b\u6216\u80fd\u529b\u503e\u5411\u548c\u540e\u5929\u52aa\u529b\u5206\u522b\u6709\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u5973\u6027\u5728\u91cd\u89c6\u5929\u8d4b\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\ufe51\u6280\u672f\ufe51\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u95e8\u80fd\u529b\u89c2\u5ff5\u5047\u8bf4\u201d\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u5c55\uff0c\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u975e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u6570\u76ee\u4e5f\u4e0d\u591a\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u7fa4\u6709\u5f85\u66f4\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u786e\u5b9e\u7a81\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\ufe51\u6280\u672f\ufe51\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7537\u5973\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85<\/strong><strong>\u79d1\u5b66\ufe51\u6280\u672f\ufe51\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u8bc1\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u9879\u8fd1\u671f\u7531 Corinne A. Moss-Racusin\u3001Aneta K. Molenda \u548c Charlotte R. Cramer \u4e3b\u6301\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u516c\u4f17\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u79d1\u5b66\ufe51\u6280\u672f\ufe51\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff08STEM\uff09\u4e2d\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e3b\u9898\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5728\u4e09\u7bc7\u5728\u7ebf\u65b0\u95fb\u5e73\u53f0\uff08\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\ufe51\u300a\u53d1\u73b0\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u535a\u5ba2\u548c IFL science \u535a\u5ba2\uff09\u5173\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684 831 \u6761\u7559\u8a00\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7559\u8a00\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\u7559\u8a00\u7684\u7f51\u53cb\u4e2d\u8f83\u591a\u7537\u6027\u5bf9\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u4f5c\u51fa\u8d1f\u8bc4\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u8f83\u5c11\u7537\u4eba\u8d5e\u540c\u6216\u63a5\u53d7\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u663e\u793a STEM \u9886\u57df\u6709\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u663e\u793a\u7559\u8a00\u4e2d\u5e26\u6709\u6027\u522b\u6b67\u89c6\u6216\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u7537\u6027\u6bd4\u5973\u6027\u591a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u91c7\u6837 831 \u6761\u7559\u8a00\u4e2d\u6709 423 \u6761\uff0851%\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0e\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5206\u6790<\/li>\n<li>95% \u7559\u8a00\u7684\u7f51\u53cb\u66fe\u53d1\u8fc7\u542b\u5973\u6027\u8d1f\u8bc4\u7684\u7559\u8a00<\/li>\n<li>88% \u7559\u8a00\u4ee5\u751f\u7406\u72b6\u51b5\u66ff\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u8fa9\u89e3<\/li>\n<li>85% \u6279\u8bc4\u90a3\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\ufe51\u6280\u672f\ufe51\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\uff09<\/li>\n<li>68% 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<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/higher-education-network\/blog\/2014\/feb\/24\/women-academia-promotion-cambridge\" rel=\"nofollow\">What does it take to reach the top?<\/a><\/p>\n<p>2. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.slate.com\/articles\/double_x\/doublex\/2013\/06\/female_academics_pay_a_heavy_baby_penalty.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">In the Ivory Tower, Men Only<\/a><\/p>\n<p>3. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/news\/2008\/06\/12\/women\" rel=\"nofollow\">Quiet desperation of academic women<\/a><\/p>\n<p>4. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/education\/2014\/nov\/18\/academia-for-women-short-maternity-leave\" rel=\"nofollow\">Academia for women: short maternity leave, few part-time roles and lower pay<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6027\u522b\u91cd\u8981\u5417\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\uff01 \u4f46\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5230\u5bf9\u4e8b\u60c5\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\u5417\uff1f\u8fd9\u5c31\u53e6\u5f53\u522b\u8bba\u4e86 \u00a0 &#8211; Vera Rubin, A [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":60567,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[678,555,42],"tags":[102],"new_categories":[],"new_tags":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-39392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-xue-shu-jie-nyu-xing-343","category-xue-shu-jie-xing-bie-pian-jian-286","category-hang-ye-qu-shi-75","tag-xue-shu-jie-xing-bie-pian-jian-286"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u79d1\u7814\u754c\u7684\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u662f\u8ff7\u601d\u8fd8\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\uff1f | \u610f\u5f97\u8f91\u4e13\u5bb6\u89c6\u70b9 Editage Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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