{"id":39170,"date":"2013-11-24T15:28:32","date_gmt":"2013-11-24T09:58:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%88%a9%e7%9b%8a%e5%86%b2%e7%aa%81"},"modified":"2026-01-07T16:23:25","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T10:53:25","slug":"ke-xue-yan-jiu-zhong-de-li-yi-chong-tu-2107","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.cn\/insights\/ke-xue-yan-jiu-zhong-de-li-yi-chong-tu-2107\/","title":{"rendered":"\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u548c\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u67d0\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6216\u804c\u4e1a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5b9e\u65bd\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7684\u53d1\u8868\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u662f\u5426\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5229\u76ca<sup>1<\/sup>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u51b5\u79f0\u4e3a\u79d1\u7814\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u201d\uff08COI\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u5f71\u54cd\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6f5c\u5728\u504f\u501a\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u7814\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u53ef\u5305\u62ec\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u975e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6536\u76ca\u3002<sup>2,3<\/sup>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4e00\u4f4d\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u5458\u6b63\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4f1a\u524a\u5f31\u8bc4\u5ba1\u5458\u81ea\u5df1\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u672c\u8eab\u5177\u6709\u539f\u521b\u6027\u53ca\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u5458\u4ecd\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u51fa\u62d2\u7edd\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6536\u76ca\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u9762\u4e34\u548c\u5fc5\u987b\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u91d1\u6765\u6e90\u3001\u53ef\u4ece\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6536\u76ca\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u80a1\u7968\u6240\u6709\u6743\u3001\u53ca\u53ef\u4ece\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u8d39\u6216\u85aa\u6c34\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u5ba1\u6838\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u62e5\u6709\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u6613\u53d7\u64cd\u63a7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7814\u7a76\u8d5e\u52a9\u5bf9\u53d1\u8868\u504f\u501a\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<sup>4<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u533b\u5b66\u7f16\u8f91\u5b66\u4f1a\uff08WAME\uff09\u5bf9<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wame.org\/about\/conflict-of-interest-in-peer-reviewed-medical\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">\u5404\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81<\/a>\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u516d\u70b9\u63d0\u793a\uff086 P\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u79d1\u7814\u754c\uff0c\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5e94\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u6216\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u8bda\u4fe1\u534f\u8c03\u96c6\u56e2\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e86\u5178\u578b\u7684\u516d\u70b9\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53ef\u501f\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a<sup>5<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u516c\u5171\u8d23\u4efb\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u5229\u76ca<\/strong>\uff08Public duty versus private interest\uff09\uff1a\u6211\u7684\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u5229\u76ca\uff0f\u798f\u5229\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53ef\u80fd\u6027<\/strong>\uff08Potentialities\uff09\uff1a\u6211\uff0f\u6211\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u5355\u4f4d\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ed6\u4eba\u5bf9\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6000\u7591\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ed6\u4eba\u770b\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff08Perception\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eba\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u7684\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u76d1\u7763\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5b9e\u65bd\u548c\u8bba\u6587\u64b0\u5199\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u516c\u6b63<\/strong>\uff08Proportionality\uff09\uff1a\u6211\u7684\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u51b3\u7b56\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u516c\u6b63\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ece\u5bb9<\/strong>\uff08Presence of mind\uff09\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5ffd\u7565\u6216\u4e0d\u58f0\u660e\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u9762\u4e34\u4ec0\u4e48\u540e\u679c\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u7f16\u8f91\u3001\u8bc4\u5ba1\u5458\u6216\u8bfb\u8005\u5bf9\u6211\u7684\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u63d0\u51fa\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u6211\u80fd\u591f\u7ed9\u4e88\u5408\u7406\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u627f\u8bfa<\/strong>\uff08Promises\uff09\uff1a\u6211\uff0f\u6211\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u8d5e\u52a9\u8005\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u6216\u53d1\u8868\u505a\u51fa\u8fc7\u76f8\u5173\u627f\u8bfa\u6216\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff1f\u6211\u4f1a\u4ece\u5df2\u627f\u8bfa\u884c\u52a8\/\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e2d\u83b7\u5229\u6216\u627f\u53d7\u635f\u5931\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b\u58f0\u660e\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u548c\u975e\u6280\u672f\u7c7b\u671f\u520a\u90fd\u8981\u6c42\u4f5c\u8005\u751f\u547d\u6f5c\u5728\u6216\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u5982\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7528\u5b66\u4f1a\u671f\u520a\u300b\u8981\u6c42\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4ea4\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u58f0\u660e\u8868\u3002\u800c\u67d0\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u5982\u300a\u82f1\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u80bf\u7624\u5b66\u300b\u5728\u5176\u6307\u5357\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u90e8\u5206\u5e76\u5728\u6295\u7a3f\u4fe1\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u5982\u4e0b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\uff1b\u884c\u4e1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8865\u52a9\u91d1\u3001\u8d22\u52a1\u652f\u6301\u548c\u7ecf\u8d39\uff1b\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u6536\u76ca\u5982\u5c06\u6765\u53ef\u5e26\u6765\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6536\u76ca\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u4e13\u5229\u6216\u672a\u51b3\u4e13\u5229\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u9610\u8ff0\u8d44\u52a9\u673a\u6784\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u8d77\u8005\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u65bd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u9610\u91ca\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u7a3f\u8d77\u8349\u3001\u5ba1\u6838\u548c\u6700\u7ec8\u6279\u51c6\u4e2d\u6240\u8d77\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5411\u671f\u520a\u62ab\u9732\u5173\u4e8e\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u671f\u520a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u65f6\u516c\u5e03\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u63d0\u51fa\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u671f\u520a\u5c06\u516c\u5e03\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u62ab\u9732\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u58f0\u660e\u4f5c\u8005\u5df2\u5411\u671f\u520a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u62ab\u9732\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\u80fd\u51cf\u8f7b\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u8d28\u7591\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f5c\u8005\u672a\u5411\u671f\u520a\u62ab\u9732\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u800c\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u9762\u4e34\u5305\u62ec\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u64a4\u9500\u53ca\u53d7\u5230\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u5c5e\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u540e\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u671f\u520a\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u4f5c\u8005\u5355\u4f4d\uff08\u5927\u5b66\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\uff09\u8d1f\u8d23\u5236\u5b9a\u3001\u5b9e\u65bd\u548c\u76d1\u7763\u672c\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5b8c\u6210\u53ca\u5411\u671f\u520a\u6295\u7a3f\u524d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u591f\u907f\u514d\u79d1\u7814\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u6295\u7a3f\u524d\u54a8\u8be2\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u4f1a\u4e86\u89e3\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u5c06\u6839\u636e\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u4f5c\u51fa\u8bc4\u5224\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u62ab\u9732\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\/\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u7834\u574f\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5176\u540e\u88ab\u63ed\u9732\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u548c\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u4fe1\u8a89\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u635f\u5bb3\u3002<sup>6\u00a0<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#0000cd;\"><strong>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Financial conflicts of interest and research objectivity: issues for investigators and institutional review boards. Release Date: June 5, 2000. <a href=\"https:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/grants\/guide\/notice-files\/not-od-00-040.html\" rel=\"nofollow\" style=\"line-height: 1.538em;\">http:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/grants\/guide\/notice-files\/not-od-00-040.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Conflicts of interest in research, University of Southern California. Date issued: November 1, 2007. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usc.edu\/research\/private\/docs\/policies\/conflictresearch110107.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\" style=\"line-height: 1.538em;\">http:\/\/www.usc.edu\/research\/private\/docs\/policies\/conflictresearch110107.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Columbia University. Conflicts of Interest: Responsible Conduct of Research. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/ccnmtl.columbia.edu\/projects\/rcr\/rcr_conflicts\/foundation\/index.html#2\" rel=\"nofollow\" style=\"line-height: 1.538em;\">http:\/\/ccnmtl.columbia.edu\/projects\/rcr\/rcr_conflicts\/foundation\/index.html#2<\/a>. Last accessed: December 26, 2011.<\/li>\n<li>Song F, Parekh S, Hooper L, Loke YK, Ryder J, Sutton AJ, et al. Dissemination and publication of research findings: an update review of related biases. Health Technol Assess 2010; 14(8).<\/li>\n<li>Integrity in the WA public sector; Integrity Coordinating Group. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.opssc.wa.gov.au\/ICG\/Integrity_in_the_WA_public_sector\/Conflict_of_interest\/\" rel=\"nofollow\" style=\"line-height: 1.538em;\">http:\/\/www.opssc.wa.gov.au\/ICG\/Integrity_in_the_WA_public_sector\/Conflict_of_interest\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Date accessed: May 21, 2011<\/li>\n<li>DeAngelis CD, Fontanarosa PB, Flanagin A. Reporting financial conflicts of interest and relationships between investigators and research sponsors. JAMA 2001;286:89-91<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u548c\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u67d0\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6216\u804c\u4e1a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u8fd9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":60567,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[549,67],"tags":[161],"new_categories":[],"new_tags":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-39170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pi-lu-79","category-dao-de-sheng-ming-36","tag-pi-lu-79"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - 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