{"id":38989,"date":"2019-01-17T06:52:47","date_gmt":"2019-01-17T01:22:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/%e5%9f%b9%e5%85%bb%e5%ad%a6%e6%9c%af%e9%9f%a7%e5%8a%b2%e7%9a%84-7-%e6%9d%a1%e7%a7%98%e6%8a%80"},"modified":"2026-01-07T16:23:57","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T10:53:57","slug":"pei-yang-xue-shu-ren-jin-de-7-tiao-mi-ji-1898","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.cn\/insights\/pei-yang-xue-shu-ren-jin-de-7-tiao-mi-ji-1898\/","title":{"rendered":"\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u52b2\u7684 7 \u6761\u79d8\u6280"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u4f60\u80af\u5b9a\u542c\u4eba\u8bf4\u8d77\u8fc7\u201c\u97e7\u6027\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u6fc0\u52b1\u6211\u4eec\u575a\u5b9a\u3001\u6301\u4e4b\u4ee5\u6052\u5730\u8ffd\u5bfb\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u97e7\u6027\u662f<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u89e6\u5e95\u53cd\u5f39\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u7528\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u67d0\u7269\u53d1\u751f\u5f62\u53d8\u540e\u6062\u590d\u539f\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u4e5f\u6709\u97e7\u6027\u4e00\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\uff1f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5b66\u751f<\/span>\/<span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u9006\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u589e\u3001\u6539\u53d8\u73b0\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u8ba1\u5212<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7b49<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7528\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u97e7\u6027\u518d\u5408\u9002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4eba\u4f53\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u8c03\u8282\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u62b5\u5fa1\u5916\u6765\u75c5\u539f\u3002\u8981\u60f3\u589e\u5f3a\u514d\u75ab\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5065\u5eb7\u996e\u98df\u3001\u89c4\u5f8b\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u6253\u78e8\u5199\u4f5c\u6280\u5de7\u3001\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u8bad\u7ec3\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u589e\u5f3a\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u53d1\u8868\u51e0\u7387\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\u8c08\u575a\u6301\uff0c\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u9006\u5883\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5fd8\u8ffd\u6c42\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u3001\u53d1\u8868\u4e0a\u7684\u6210\u5c31<\/span> (Martin &amp; Marsh, 2008a: 2008b)<span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6211\u5c06\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u8c08\u8c08\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u65b0\u624b\u6709\u591a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u53d1\u8868\u4e2d\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u7684\u6311\u6218\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6211\u5e38\u4f1a\u60f3\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u4eba\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u522b\u4eba\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u97e7\u6027\u660e\u663e\u8981\u9ad8\u4e00\u622a\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u6570\u641e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u70b9\u5171\u9e23\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5047\u8bbe\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u751f<\/span> Rizwan <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u548c<\/span> Mishal<span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\uff0c\u6bcd\u8bed\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u3002\u4e8c\u4eba\u90fd\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u5199\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u5b66\u4e1a\uff0c\u8fd8\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u672c\u8eab\u90fd\u70ed\u8877\u4f20\u64ad\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u5199\u4f5c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4ef6\u8f7b\u677e\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u4e24\u4eba\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u90fd\u6539\u4e86\u53c8\u6539\uff0c\u6bcf\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u8f6e\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5185\u5fc3\u90fd\u88ab\u65e0\u6570\u8d1f\u9762\u60c5\u7eea\u586b\u6ee1\uff1a\u5931\u671b\u3001\u5bb3\u6015\u5931\u8d25\u3001\u6124\u6012\u3001\u6cae\u4e27\u3001\u60b2\u4f24\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/span>Rizwan <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5411\u5bfc\u5e08\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6df1\u540c\u4e8b\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e0a\u82b1\u66f4\u591a\u5fc3\u601d\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c<\/span>Mishal <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u9677\u5165\u6d88\u6781\u3001\u6124\u6012\u4e2d\u65e0\u6cd5\u81ea\u62d4\uff0c\u5b66\u4e1a\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u8d77\u8272\u3002<\/span>Rizwan <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u548c<\/span> Mishal <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u633a\u8fc7\u6765\u4e86\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\u4e0e<\/span> ABC <\/b><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u97e7\u6027\u80fd\u8d85\u8d8a\u57fa\u56e0\u3001\u6210\u957f\u7ecf\u5386\u3001\u673a\u9047\u3001\u8d22\u5bcc\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u80fd\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u5229\u7528\u97e7\u6027\u4ea7\u751f\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u601d\u8003\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u8c03\u8282\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dartmouth.edu\/~eap\/abcstress2.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\" style=\"color:blue; text-decoration:underline\" target=\"_blank\">ABC <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/a> (Shatte &amp; Reivich, 2002) <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6765\u5206\u6790\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u6240\u8c13<\/span> ABC<span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\uff0c\u5373\u95ee\u9898<\/span>&#8211;<span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6001\u5ea6<\/span>&#8211;<span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7ed3\u679c<\/span> (Adversity-Belief-Consequence)<span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u3002<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c<\/span>Rizwan <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u548c<\/span> Mishal <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u4e0d\u5f00\u5fc3\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u8bba\u6587\u53cd\u9988\u4e0d\u597d\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5f00\u5fc3\u548c\u8d1f\u9762\u53cd\u9988\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u4fe1\u6709\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u8bef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u8bba\u6587\u53cd\u9988\u5dee\uff09\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6709\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6001\u5ea6\u6d88\u6781\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u632b\u6298\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6001\u5ea6\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span> Rizwan <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u548c<\/span> Mishal <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u9762\u4e34\u540c\u6837\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\u5316\u89e3\u6311\u6218<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u97e7\u6027\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6210\u5c31\u3001\u6210\u529f\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u90fd\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5206\u5e74\u9f84\u3002\u7528\u6587\u5b57\u8868\u8fbe\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u5b66\u672f\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u7684\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5728\u5982\u4eca\u7ade\u4e89\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u754c\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\u662f\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u4f5c\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u4f20\u8fbe\u7406\u5ff5<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u53ca<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5b66\u672f\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u8981\u82b1\u5f88\u5927\u529b\u6c14\u7684\u3002\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u5e94\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u91cd\u8003\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e3\u6d41\u5229\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u3002\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u590d\u6742\u591a\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8bed\u8a00\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u65b0\u624b\u8fd8\u8981\u517c\u987e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b8c\u5584\u81ea\u8eab\u3001\u5e94\u5bf9\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5c11\u6570\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u5199\u3001\u4f1a\u5199\u3001\u6709\u5929\u8d4b\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5199\u8d77\u4e1c\u897f\u6765\u90fd\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u987a\u7545\u3002\u5199\u4f5c\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u632b\u8d25\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u65f6\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u4f60\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u8868\u8fbe\u6b32\uff0c\u5374\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0d\u597d\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6bcf\u6b21\u6295\u7a3f\u90fd\u4ee5\u88ab\u62d2\u544a\u7ec8\u65f6\u3002\u9020\u6210\u5199\u4f5c\u4e0d\u987a\u3001\u6297\u538b\u80fd\u529b\u4f4e\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5bf9\u591a\u6570\u628a\u82f1\u8bed\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e8c\u5916\u751a\u81f3\u4e09\u5916\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5199\u4f5c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u6709\u96be\u5ea6\u3002\u82f1\u8bed\u4f5c\u8005\u4ece\u5c0f\u6709<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7740<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5f97\u5929\u72ec\u539a\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u800c\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u4f5c\u8005\u66f4\u50cf\u5728\u8ff7\u5bab\u91cc\u8499\u773c\u72c2\u5954\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u597d\u6bd4\u5728\u8ff7\u5bab\u91cc\uff0c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u773c\u524d\u7684\u8def\u4f1a\u901a\u5411\u54ea\u91cc\u3001\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6b7b\u80e1\u540c\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u4f5c\u8005\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u6587\u7ae0\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u4f53\u88c1\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8d8a\u5728\u610f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u89c6\u4e3a\u529f\u6210\u540d\u5c31\u3001\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u505a\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5305\u88b1\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u91cd\uff0c\u8d8a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0b\u4e0d\u4e86\u7b14\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7ed3\u5408\u4e0a\u9762\u4e09\u70b9\u548c\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u906d\u53d7\u7684\u632b\u6298\u548c\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8d76\u4e0a\u8981\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u82f1\u8bed\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8bba\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u538b\u529b\u53c8\u4f1a\u5347\u7ea7\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u52a8\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u611f\u5b98\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\u3002\u6211\u5c06\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u5206\u4eab\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d34\u58eb\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u632b\u6298\u548c\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u4f60\u53d1\u8bba\u6587\u6709\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u83b7\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5199\u4f5c\u7075\u611f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u627e\u5230\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u57f9\u517b\u4f60\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8981\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u575a\u6301\u548c\u52aa\u529b\u8fbe\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8fd8\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\u6478\u7d22\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u9047\u5230\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9<\/span> 7 <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6761\u6536\u83b7\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b>1. <\/b><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u522b\u6709\u8d1f\u62c5<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u82f1\u8bed\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8bba\u6587\u597d\u6bd4\u4e00\u573a\u8bd5\u9519\u4e4b\u65c5\u3002\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u4e0a\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u538b\u529b\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec8\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5c31\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8d70\u5230\u5934\u662f\u4ef6\u6c34\u5230\u6e20\u6210\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u62b5\u6d88\u7ec3\u4e60\u5199\u4f5c\u65f6\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u7cdf\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u7528\u4e71\u4e03\u516b\u7cdf\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u90a3\u79cd\u611f\u89c9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5206\u3002\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u7ec8\u70b9\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f60\u4e0d\u59a8\u8bd5\u8bd5\u201c\u81ea\u8bf4\u81ea\u8bdd\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u80fd\u5e2e\u6211\u6709\u6548\u68b3\u7406\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u8be5\u5199\u7684\u3001\u8981\u600e\u4e48\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u7ae0\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u636e\u6211\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u52a8\u7b14\u524d\u90fd\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ddf\u81ea\u5df1\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e0d\u662f\u4e07\u91d1\u6cb9\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u6211\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b>2. <\/b><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u51a5\u60f3<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u51a5\u60f3\u4e5f\u662f\u627e\u7075\u611f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0d\u7528\u975e\u5f97\u5927\u5f20\u65d7\u9f13\u5730\u6765\u4e00\u573a\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u51a5\u60f3\uff0c\u62bd\u7a7a\u627e\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9759\u4e0b\u5fc3\u6765\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u4f1a\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u5728\u51a5\u60f3\u65f6\u4f53\u9a8c\u8fc7\u7075\u5149\u4e00\u95ea\u7684\u77ac\u95f4\uff0c\u79d8\u8bc0\u5728\u4e8e\u4e13\u6ce8\u3002\u627e\u4e2a\u5b89\u9759\u8212\u670d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u95ed\u4e0a\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u653e\u8fc7\u8111\u6d77\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u601d\u8def\u3002\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b47\u4e00\u4f1a\uff0c\u518d\u56de\u5fc6\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd8\u6709\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u522b\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u548c\u8c01\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u7684\uff1b\u5728\u54ea\u542c\u5230\u7684\u3001\u8bfb\u8fc7\u7684\uff1b\u505a\u996d\u65f6\u7a81\u7136\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u51a5\u60f3\u4e0d\u62d8\u6ce5\u4e8e\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3001\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u7422\u78e8\u67d0\u4ef6\u4e8b\u6216\u67d0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u81ea\u7701\u3001\u7948\u7977\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u4e13\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51a5\u60f3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b>3. <\/b><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u76f4\u9762\u6050\u60e7<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u589e\u5f3a\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u672f\u97e7\u6027\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5199\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002\u4fe1\u5fc3\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u60f3\u5230\u7ed9\u56fd\u9645\u82f1\u8bed\u671f\u520a\u6295\u7a3f\u597d\u50cf\u4e5f\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u96be\u4e86\u3002\u591a\u6570\u4f5c\u8005\u5bf9\u5199\u4f5c\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u6e90\u4e8e\u5bb3\u6015\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u800c\u6210\u529f\u6216\u5931\u8d25\u53c8\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ef7\u503c\u8131\u4e0d\u4e86\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u9053\u7406\u90fd\u61c2\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f\u5efa\u7acb\u4fe1\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6050\u6015\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u591a\u6570\u4f5c\u8005<\/span>\/<span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f1a\u4ece\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff08\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u9760\u51a5\u60f3\uff09\u5b66\u4e60\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u4fe1\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u514b\u670d\u5bf9\u5199\u4f5c\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b>4. <\/b><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5bfb\u6c42\u5bfc\u5e08\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u60f3\u8981\u57f9\u517b\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8bba\u6587\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u97e7\u6027\uff0c\u627e\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5e08\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u597d\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u699c\u6837\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8a00\u4f20\u8eab\u6559\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u65e2\u80fd\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u52a8\u89c2\u5bdf\u6709\u6240\u9886\u609f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u8ff7\u832b\u3001\u65e0\u8def\u53ef\u8d70\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u51fa\u8def\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u5411\u5bfc\u5e08\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.editage.cn\/insights\/2548.html\" style=\"color:blue; text-decoration:underline\" target=\"_blank\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0<\/span><\/a><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5c31\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u5bfc\u5e08\u548c<\/span> PI <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86<\/span> 7 <span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6761\u8d34\u58eb\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b>5. <\/b><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u5076\u5c14\u505c\u4e0b\u6765\u5ba1\u89c6\u81ea\u5df1<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u751f\u6d3b\u5145\u6ee1\u5404\u79cd\u673a\u9047\u548c\u6311\u6218\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u5e26\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6536\u83b7\u548c\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u4e8b\u60c5\u8fc7\u53bb\u540e\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0b\u6b21\u624d\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u533a\u5206\u3001\u8fce\u63a5\u673a\u9047\u548c\u6311\u6218\u3002\u7167\u6211\u770b\uff0c\u5199\u8bba\u6587\u65f6\u5076\u5c14\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u62bd\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5e72\u5417\uff0c\u95ee\u95ee\u81ea\u5df1\u7ed9\u671f\u520a\u6295\u7a3f\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u662f\u5426\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4f60\u8861\u91cf\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u5206\u6790\u548c\u9700\u8981\u6539\u8fdb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8be5\u91c7\u53d6\u4ec0\u4e48\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u601d\u8003\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u90fd\u662f\u56e0\u4eba\u800c\u5f02\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b>6. <\/b><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u591a\u53c2\u52a0\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u601d\u7ef4\u62d3\u5c55\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u56fa\u6709\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u4f60\u5f97\u591a\u53c2\u52a0\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u524d\u5bf9\u4f60\u6ca1\u5565\u597d\u5904\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e3b\u52a8\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u5fc3\u6001\u8fd8\u80fd\u52a0\u5f3a\u5fc3\u7406\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u76f8\u4fe1\u5929\u5206\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u80fd\u9760\u540e\u5929\u52aa\u529b\u3001\u8fd0\u7528\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u6280\u5de7\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5fc3\u6001\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8b\u534a\u529f\u500d\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5199\u8bba\u6587\u8fd8\u662f<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u505a<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u601d\u7ef4\u8bad\u7ec3\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u601d\u8fbe\u6210\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u8fdb\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u4f60\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u6216\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u9884\u671f\u6548\u679c\u7684\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\u81ea\u5df1\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u9700\u8981\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u6709\u4e9b\u6539\u8fdb\u9884\u671f\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u80fd\u529b\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u4f1a\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u538b\u529b\u3002\u538b\u529b\u5982\u679c\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8f6c\u4e3a\u632b\u8d25\u611f\uff0c\u7ee7\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u61c8\u6020\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u62a5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u6c89\u6e4e\u5728\u8d1f\u9762\u60c5\u7eea\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b>7. <\/b><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5207\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u7eb5\u5411\u5bf9\u6bd4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8868\u73b0<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bbe\u5b9a\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u7eb5\u5411\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u4e0a\u8d70\u5f97\u66f4\u8fdc\u3002\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bbe\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5faa\u5e8f\u6e10\u8fdb\u671d\u524d\u8d70\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u82f1\u6587\u671f\u520a\u53d1\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\u7ec8\u7a76\u4f1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u77ed\u671f\u76ee\u6807\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u77ed\u671f\u76ee\u6807\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u770b\u6e05\u8be5\u628a\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u91cd\u5fc3\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f60\u5c31\u4f1a\u56f4\u7ed5\u91cd\u70b9\u60f3\u65b9\u8bbe\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u79d8\u8bc0\u5728\u4e8e\u4e0d\u65ad\u8bd5\u9519\u3001\u53cd\u601d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u72af\u9519\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u522b\u4e00\u76f4\u72af\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u5c31\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u603b\u662f\u91cd\u8e48\u8986\u8f99\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5e94\u8be5\u53cd\u601d\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u5931\u8bef\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u9519\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u522b\u5bb3\u6015\u72af\u9519\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u770b\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u4e2d\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5f53\u4f60\u7eb5\u5411\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5206\u51fa\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u6210\u5c31\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u4f60\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u6700\u540e\u653e\u5927\u62db\u2014\u2014\u9759\u4e0b\u5fc3\u6765\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u5199<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" 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style=\"margin:0in 0in 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-family:SimSun\" xml:lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"tab-stops:list .5in\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">Martin, A. J., &amp; Marsh, H. W. (2008a). Academic buoyancy: Towards an understanding of students&#8217; everyday academic resilience. Journal of School Psychology, 46(1), 53-83. doi: 10.1016\/j.jsp.2007.01.002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"tab-stops:list .5in\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">Martin, A. J., &amp; Marsh, H. W. (2008b). Workplace and academic buoyancy: Psychometric assessment and construct validity amongst school personnel and students. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 26(2), 168-184. doi: 10.1177\/0734282907313767<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"tab-stops:list .5in\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">Reivich, K. and Shatt\u00e9, A. (2002) The Resilience Factor: 7 Essential Skills for Overcoming Life\u2019s Inevitable Obstacles. Broadway Books.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f60\u80af\u5b9a\u542c\u4eba\u8bf4\u8d77\u8fc7\u201c\u97e7\u6027\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u6fc0\u52b1\u6211\u4eec\u575a\u5b9a\u3001\u6301\u4e4b\u4ee5\u6052\u5730\u8ffd\u5bfb\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u97e7\u6027\u662f\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u89e6\u5e95\u53cd 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