{"id":40217,"date":"2015-11-26T03:02:29","date_gmt":"2015-11-25T21:32:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/experts\/%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%e5%ae%b6%e5%96%9c%e6%ac%a2%e4%b8%8e%e5%9b%b0%e9%9a%be%e6%ad%bb%e7%a3%95"},"modified":"2026-01-08T11:30:17","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T06:00:17","slug":"ke-xue-jia-xi-huan-yu-kun-nan-si-ke-2856","status":"publish","type":"experts","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.cn\/insights\/ke-xue-jia-xi-huan-yu-kun-nan-si-ke-2856\/","title":{"rendered":"\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u559c\u6b22\u4e0e\u56f0\u96be\u6b7b\u78d5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f20\u6797\u7426\uff0c\u73b0\u4e3a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u533b\u5b66\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6240\u957f\uff0c2007 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class=\"question\"><strong>\u60a8\u8fc7\u53bb\u5728 NEJM<\/strong><strong>\u3001Nature<\/strong><strong>\u3001Lancet, Science<\/strong><strong>\u3001JBC<\/strong><strong>\u3001J or Experimental Med \u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u591a\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e14\u88ab\u5f15\u9891\u6b21\u5728 SCI <\/strong><strong>\u6587\u7ae0\u91cc\u6392\u540d\u524d\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u7814\u4f5c\u8005\u4e00\u76f4\u594b\u6597\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u60a8\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u524d\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u6211\u60f3\u95ee\u95ee\uff0c\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u671f\u520a\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5e38\u627e\u60a8\u9080\u7a3f\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u79cd\u533b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5f88\u5c11\u662f\u9080\u7a3f\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u662f commentary\u3002\u539f\u521b\u6587\u7ae0\uff08Original research\uff09\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u9080\u7a3f\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u671f\u520a\u9080\u7a3f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfe\u9898\u6765\u53d1\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6b63\u89c4\u7684\u671f\u520a\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5bf9\u4e1a\u5185\u4e13\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u9080\u7a3f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u5b9a\u53d1\u8868\u3002\u4e5f\u662f\u5148\u548c\u4e13\u5bb6\u8054\u7cfb\u4e86\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u7ae0\u5199\u5b8c\u540e\u53d1\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u53d1\u8868\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u548c\u671f\u520a\u5173\u7cfb\u597d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5f88\u6709\u58f0\u671b\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u8868\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p 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class=\"question\"><strong>\u60a8\u5de5\u4f5c\u90a3\u4e48\u5fd9\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u8fd8\u8981\u53c2\u52a0\u56fd\u9645\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u7528\u6765\u770b\u6587\u732e\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u81f3\u5c11\u4e94\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u7528\u6765\u770b\u6587\u732e\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u4e4b\u524d\u95ee\u6211\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u5f88\u591a\u671f\u520a\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u70b9\u6478\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u63e1\u671f\u520a\u7684 priority \u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u6b63\u597d\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u671f\u520a\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u70b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u671f\u520a\u7684 priority 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leader\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u62c9\u98ce\u7684\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5439\u5439\u6253\u6253\uff0c\u6572\u9523\u6253\u9f13\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u518d\u70ed\u95f9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8ddf\u98ce\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u597d\u574f\u4f18\u52a3\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u770b\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p 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class=\"question\"><strong>\u8fd9\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u79d1\u7814\u754c\u4e00\u76f4\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5728\u79d1\u7814\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f53\u7cfb\u91cc\u5e94\u8be5\u5360\u591a\u5927\u6bd4\u91cd\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u60a8\u8eab\u8fb9\u5f88\u591a\u6765\u81ea\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u662f\u5426\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u770b\u91cd\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u80af\u5b9a\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u90fd\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u5206\u91cf\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u8981\u53d1\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u770b\u770b\u76ee\u6807\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u80fd\u53d1\u9ad8\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f53\u7136\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u5185\u90a3\u4e48\u770b\u91cd\uff0c\u56fd\u5916\u8bc4\u804c\u79f0\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u8981\u770b\u770b\u53d1\u7684\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5206\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u66f4\u591a\u8fd8\u662f\u770b\u671f\u520a\u5728\u4e1a\u5185\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u548c\u6392\u540d\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u4f60\u6295\u76ee\u6807\u671f\u520a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u66f4\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662f\u770b\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0e\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5339\u914d\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u8bfb\u8005\u4f1a\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u520a\u7269\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u8fd8\u662f\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"question\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u533b\u5b66\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6240\u957f\u5f20\u6797\u7426\" class=\"media-element file-default\" style=\"float: right; height: 200px; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;\" title=\"\u5f20\u6797\u7426\u6559\u6388\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6307\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\" src=\"https:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Zhang%204.JPG\" \/><strong>\u60a8\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u548c\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\u5728\u79d1\u7814\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5efa\u8bae\u548c\u5fe0\u544a\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u601d\u7ef4\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6211\u770b\u56fd\u5916\u5c0f\u5b69\u521d\u4e2d\u7684\u8bfe\u672c\u91cc\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u63d0\u51fa hypothesis\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u8ba9\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u9707\u64bc\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u57f9\u517b\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u8fb9\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u91cc\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u8fd8\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u6b20\u7f3a\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u79cd\u903b\u8f91\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u7740\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u50cf\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/book.360buy.com\/11029168.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5feb\u4e0e\u6162<\/a>\u300b\u90a3\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u522b\u4eba\u95ee\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u60f3\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u4e0a\u6765\u3002\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u77e5\u9053\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u5728\u60f3\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5bfc\u51fa\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u8111\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5370\u8c61\u548c\u60f3\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u610f\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5f97\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u4eec\u662f\u611f\u77e5\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u65e0\u4ece\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6653\u5f97\u9762\u524d\u7684\u4e66\u684c\u4e0a\u6709\u76cf\u706f\uff0c\u65e0\u4ece\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u8bdd\u542c\u51fa\u7231\u4eba\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u8010\u70e6\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u4ece\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u5982\u4f55\u6beb\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u6210\u529f\u89c4\u907f\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u8f66\u7978\u3002\u5370\u8c61\u3001\u76f4\u89c9\u3001\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8111\u529b\u6d3b\u52a8\u90fd\u5728\u65e0\u58f0\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7740\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"question\"><strong>\u60a8\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u57f9\u517b\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ecf\u9a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u6211\u4eec\u4ea4\u6d41\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u521a\u624d\u8ddf\u4f60\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u662f\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u559c\u6b22\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u627e\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8981\u5177\u5907\u6311\u6218\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u73af\u5883\u91cc\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u8c03\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u521d\u51fa\u8305\u5e90\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u6743\u5229\u6311\u6218\u6216\u6279\u5224\u4f60\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u3002\u6211\u5f88\u8d5e\u540c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u953b\u70bc\u4e5f\u5f88\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u6211\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u793c\u62dc\u7684\u7ec4\u4f1a\u6211\u5c31\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u5206\u4eab\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u732e\u7684\u5fc3\u5f97\uff1b\u6709\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u6c47\u62a5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793c\u62dc\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u3002\u6211\u8981\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e60\u60ef\u63a5\u53d7\u540c\u884c\u7684\u8d28\u7591\u548c\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4f1a\u66f4\u6ce8\u91cd\u7ec6\u8282\u4e0a\u7684\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u4ece\u5404\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u53d1\u96be\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7ecf\u5e38\u53c2\u52a0\u56fd\u9645\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u505a\u62a5\u544a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u7d20\u8d28\u90fd\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u540c\u884c\u53d1\u95ee\u4ed6\u4eec\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e86\u5e73\u65f6\u7684\u953b\u70bc\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u505a\u5f88\u5145\u5206\u7684\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u6c89\u7740\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>* \u6ce8\uff1a\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/book.360buy.com\/11029168.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5feb\u4e0e\u6162<\/a>\u300b\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u601d\u60f3\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u5f0f\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u662f 2002 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1\u201d\u4f9d\u8d56\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8fc5\u901f\u4f5c\u51fa\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5b83\u89c1\u95fb\u5e7f\u535a\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8fc5\u901f\u5bf9\u773c\u524d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f46\u7cfb\u7edf 1 \u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4e0a\u5f53\uff0c\u5b83\u56fa\u5b88\u201c\u773c\u89c1\u5373\u4e3a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4efb\u7531\u635f\u5931\u538c\u6076\u548c\u4e50\u89c2\u504f\u89c1\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u9519\u89c9\u5f15\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\u4f5c\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf 2\u201d\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u52a8\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6765\u5206\u6790\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5b83\u6bd4\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5f88\u61d2\u60f0\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u8d70\u6377\u5f84\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u91c7\u7eb3\u7cfb\u7edf 1 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