{"id":40175,"date":"2018-02-16T07:01:34","date_gmt":"2018-02-16T01:31:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/experts\/%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e5%8f%98%e6%9a%96%e6%98%af%e7%9c%9f%e5%ae%9e%e7%9a%84%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%8d%e6%98%af%e4%b8%ba%e4%ba%86%e9%98%bb%e7%a2%8d%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e4%b8%8a%e5%85%b6%e4%bb%96%e5%9b%bd%e5%ae%b6"},"modified":"2026-01-08T11:30:20","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T06:00:20","slug":"quan-qiu-bian-nuan-shi-zhen-shi-de-bu-shi-wei-le-zu-ai-shi-jie-shang-qi-ta-guo-jia-de-chan-ye-cheng-zhang-de-s-2814","status":"publish","type":"experts","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.cn\/insights\/quan-qiu-bian-nuan-shi-zhen-shi-de-bu-shi-wei-le-zu-ai-shi-jie-shang-qi-ta-guo-jia-de-chan-ye-cheng-zhang-de-s-2814\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u963b\u788d\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u6210\u957f\u7684\u624b\u6bb5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>John Butler-Adam \u662f\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sajs.co.za\/\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">South African Journal of Science<\/a>\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0c\u300aSouth African Journal of Science\u300b\u4e3a\u591a\u9886\u57df\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u662f\u5357\u975e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8d44\u6df1\u7684\u671f\u520a\u3002John Butler-Adam \u4e5f\u662f\u5357\u975e\u6bd4\u52d2\u9640\u5229\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66 (University of Pretoria) \u7684\u987e\u95ee\uff0c\u66fe\u4e3a\u798f\u7279\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u540e\u5357\u975e\u9879\u76ee\u5e72\u4e8b\u3001Eastern Seaboard Association of Tertiary Institutions \u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98\u3001\u5fb7\u73ed-\u5a01\u65af\u7279\u7ef4\u5c14\u5927\u5b66 (University of Durban-Westville) \u526f\u6821\u957f\uff08\u5b66\u672f\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5fb7\u73ed-\u5a01\u65af\u7279\u7ef4\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u5730\u7406\u3001\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\uff0cJohn Butler-Adam \u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728 <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/investing-in-science-can-help-put-food-on-africas-plates-64017\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">The Conversation<\/a> \u4e0a\u64b0\u6587\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5728 SAJS \u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u53d1\u4eba\u6df1\u7701\u7684\u793e\u8bba\u3002John \u53d1\u8868\u8fc7 75 \u4efd\u4e13\u8457\uff0c\u5728\u8d85\u8fc7\u767e\u573a\u56fd\u9645\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u6781\u5176\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5bf9 SAJS \u5ba1\u7a3f\u4eba\u6240\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u4ee5\u53ca\u6311\u6218\u6709\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5357\u975e\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u664b\u5347\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba9 John \u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u672c\u6b21\u8bbf\u8c08\u7684\u4eae\u70b9\u5728\u540e\u771f\u76f8 (post truths) \u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u79d1\u5b66\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"question\" style=\"\"><strong>\u5357\u975e\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u664b\u5347\u4f53\u7cfb\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u5b50\u7684\uff1f\u60a8\u4eec\u600e\u4e48\u8bc4\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\u5427\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5357\u975e\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6709\u516d\u79cd\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u804c\u79f0\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8bb2\u5e08\uff08\u7855\u58eb\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b66\u5386\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bb2\u5e08\uff08\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5728\u77e5\u540d\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u526f\u6559\u6388\uff08\u4e0e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bb2\u5e08\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u6761\u4ef6\u66f4\u591a\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u6559\u6388\uff08\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u591a\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\uff08\u9664\u4e86\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u5916\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u90fd\u7279\u522b\u9ad8\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u6770\u51fa\u6559\u6388\uff08\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u6821\u5bf9\u6770\u51fa\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u662f\u6307\u5b66\u672f\u4e4b\u661f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6307\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u7eb3\u5165\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u5458\u5de5\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u8bc4\u4ef7<\/strong>\uff1a\u6709\u4e0e\u5b66\u5386\u3001\u53d1\u8868\u6570\uff08\u8fd8\u6709\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u53d1\u8868\uff09\u3001\u6307\u5bfc\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u548c\u5927\u5b66\u670d\u52a1\u8d23\u4efb\uff08\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff09\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u9662\u957f\u63d0\u4ea4\u8058\u7528\u6216\u5347\u804c\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5927\u5b66\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u51b3\u8bae\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u901a\u5e38\u51fa\u5728\u6240\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"question\" style=\"\"><strong>\u5357\u975e\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7814\u7a76\u7248\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u5357\u975e\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u4ee5\u5357\u7684\u975e\u6d32\u751f\u4ea7\u7ea6 1.1% \u7684\u201c\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u201d\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u77e5\u540d\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff09\uff0c\u5357\u975e\u5219\u5360\u8fd9 1.% \u4e2d\u7684 70%\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5357\u975e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u5357\u975e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u4ea7\u56fd\uff08\u60f3\u60f3 SALT\u3001Meerkat\u3001SKA\uff09\uff0cAbdul Karim \u592b\u5987\u8fd8\u6709 Glenda Gray \u505a\u51fa\u7684 AIDS \u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5956\u9879\uff0c\uff08\u7531\u4e09\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u7814\u7a76\u5355\u4f4d\u548c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8fdb\u884c\uff09\u759f\u75be\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u871c\u8702\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u5982\u98df\u7269\u751f\u5b58\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u6574\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ee5 GDP \u5360\u6bd4\u6765\u770b\uff0cSA \u57fa\u91d1\u6295\u5165\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u592a\u5c11\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u548c\u5973\u6027\u592a\u5c11\u3002\u4f46 DST \u5728\u51f8\u663e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bae\u9898\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u7684\u4e0d\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"question\" style=\"\"><strong>\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u5357\u975e\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u548c\u51fa\u7248\u754c\u5bf9\u5f00\u653e\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u843d\u5b9e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.assaf.org.za\/\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">\u5357\u975e\u79d1\u5b66\u9662<\/a> (Academy of Science of South Africa, ASSAf) \u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dst.gov.za\/\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u90e8<\/a> (Department of Science and Technology, DST) \u5b8c\u5168\u652f\u6301\u5f00\u653e\u83b7\u53d6 (Open Access, OA) \u51fa\u7248\u53ca\u53d1\u8868\u3002SAJS \u5c31\u662f OA \u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5728\u7ebf\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u514d\u8d39\u53d1\u8868\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f9b\u514d\u8d39\u9605\u8bfb\u3002SAJS \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bb8\u591a\u5357\u975e\u671f\u520a\u90fd\u662f <a href=\"https:\/\/scielo.org\/php\/index.php?lang=en\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">SciELO<\/a> \u7684\u4f1a\u5458\uff0c\u8981\u6210\u4e3a SciELO \u4f1a\u5458\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u5f00\u653e\u83b7\u53d6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u5f97\u6bd4\u5f88\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd8\u8981\u597d\u4e86\u3002OA \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5f97\u5230\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5462\uff1f\u975e\u5e38\uff01<\/p>\n<p class=\"question\" style=\"\"><strong>\u7814\u7a76\u8d44\u91d1\u5462\uff1f\u5357\u975e\u5b66\u672f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d44\u91d1\u6765\u6e90\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u6765\u6e90\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u672c\u8eab\uff08\u95f4\u63a5\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u7701\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6765\u8bf4\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u5de5\u8d44\u3001\u77ff\u4e1a\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u516c\u53f8\u7b49\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4ece DST \u6765\u7684\u7701\u7ea7\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u662f DST \u76f4\u63a5\u62e8\u6b3e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u5355\u4f4d\u7531 DST \u76f4\u63a5\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u534a\u5b98\u65b9\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u8d44\u52a9 ASSAf \u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a (National Research Foundation, NRF)\uff08\u6240\u4ee5 SAJS \u5217\u5728 NRF \u4e4b\u4e2d\uff09\u548c\u5357\u975e\u4eba\u6587\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a (Human Sciences Research Council)\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\uff08\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u6765\u6e90\uff09\u7701\u7ea7\u8d44\u91d1\u6bd4\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u8981\u6709\u7684\u91d1\u989d\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"question\" style=\"\"><strong>\u5357\u975e\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4ea7\u51fa\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u6b21\u5927\u9646\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u540d\u3002\u60a8\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>HIV\/AIDS\u3001\u759f\u75be\uff08\u7531\u65af\u6cf0\u4f26\u535a\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u6bd4\u52d2\u9640\u5229\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u5f00\u666e\u6566\u5927\u5b66\u8fd9\u4e09\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u7814\u7a76\u5355\u4f4d\u548c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\uff09\u548c TB\uff08\u5305\u542b\u6297 TB \u63a5\u79cd\u7814\u53d1\uff09\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u80af\u5b9a\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u5357\u975e\u533b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u7684\u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98 Glenda Gray \u6559\u6388\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u6bcd\u4eb2\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5 HIV\/AIDS \u9879\u76ee\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u7acb\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u8d44\u52a9\uff09\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u53ca Wits \u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u300a\u65f6\u4ee3\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u9009\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wits.ac.za\/news\/latest-news\/research-news\/2017\/2017-04\/glenda-gray-on-time-100-list.html\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">\u5168\u7403\u767e\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4eba\u7269<\/a>\uff0c\u800c\u5979\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u626c\u540d\u5168\u7403\u7684\u5357\u975e\u5065\u5eb7\u9886\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u3002Salim Abdool Karim \u4e0e\u5176\u8d24\u4f09\u4fea Quarraisha Abdool Karim \u4e00\u540c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d Wits \u7684\u6559\u6388\uff08SAJS \u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u526f\u7f16\u8f91\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u5e74\u5f53\u4e2d\u6709\u516d\u4e2a\u6708\u5728 Wits \u5927\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u759f\u75be\u6f14\u6280\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0e\u759f\u75be\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7597\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u4e86\u5357\u975e\u5fc3\u810f\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u751f Chris Barnard\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u6362\u5fc3\u624b\u672f\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5357\u975e\u5728\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6536\u5230\u56fd\u9645\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4f55\uff1f\u6211\u60f3\u8fd9\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba\u90fd\u6df1\u53d7\u6211\u521a\u521a\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u6240\u82e6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5065\u5eb7\u7167\u62a4\u548c\u6cbb\u7597\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e94\u4e2a\u5927\u5b66\u62e5\u6709\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7ea7\u533b\u5b66\uff08\u53ca\u533b\u5b66\u76f8\u5173\uff09\u9662\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u57f9\u80b2\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u533b\u62a4\u4eba\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"question\" style=\"\"><strong>\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u53d1\u8868\u5728 SAJS <\/strong><strong>\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u63d0\u5230<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sajs.co.za\/system\/tdf\/publications\/pdf\/Leader_12.pdf?file=1&amp;type=node&amp;id=34423&amp;force=\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">\u671f\u520a\u62d2\u7a3f\u7387\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u9760\u8c31\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u6307\u6807<\/a><\/strong><strong>\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u80fd\u8bf7\u60a8\u8bf4\u660e\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u968f\u7b14\uff0c\u4f46\u8ba9\u6211\u5c3d\u91cf\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u5427\u3002\u867d\u7136 IF \u9ad8\u7684\u671f\u520a\u786e\u5b9e\u540d\u58f0\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e5f\u53d1\u8868\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\uff09\uff0c\u4f46 IF \u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u671f\u520a\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ece\u8bba\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u6765\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\u4e5f\u662f\u201c\u9519\u201d\u7684\u3002\u9ad8 IF \u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e5f\u5076\u5c14\u4f1a\u53d1\u8868\u201c\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u597d\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u7aef\u884c\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u64a4\u7a3f\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e4b\u5916\u5176\u4ed6\u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u62d2\u6389\u7684\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5927\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b63\u8bf4\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u53d1\u8868\u505a\u597d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec SAJS \u7684\u62d2\u7a3f\u7387 80% \u591a\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684 h \u6307\u6570\u5206\u6570\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff08\u867d\u7136 h \u6307\u6570\u4e5f\u975e\u5b8c\u7f8e\uff01\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"question\" style=\"\"><strong>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u60f3\u8c08\u60a8\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sajs.co.zahttps:\/\/new.editage.cn\/insights\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Volume%20113%20Issue%201-2%20%2810MB%29.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">\u60a8\u5199\u5f97\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u540e\u771f\u76f8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898<\/a><\/strong><strong>\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u610f\u5f97\u8f91\u4e13\u5bb6\u89c6\u70b9\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf7\u60a8\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u540e\u771f\u76f8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4f20\u64ad\u4e0a\u8d77\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u81ea\u5df1\u5fe0\u5b9e\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8bf4\u51fa\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u540e\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u771f\u7406\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\uff08\u5c31\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u8c0e\u8bdd\u6291\u6216\u975e\u771f\u76f8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6216\uff08\u5927\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u6837\u5b50\u3002\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u771f\u76f8\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8c0e\u8bdd\u6216\u90e8\u5206\u8c0e\u8bdd\u53d8\u6210\u5b83\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u7279\u6717\u666e\u8bf4\u53d6\u6d88\u201cObamacare\u201d\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7cdf\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u4e0d\u505c\u91cd\u590d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6d8c\u5165\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u548c\u6765\u6e90\u663e\u793a\u6709 2300 \u4e07\u5230 2400 \u4e07\u7684\u4eba\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u652f\u6301\u82f1\u56fd\u8131\u6b27\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u79bb\u5f00\u6b27\u76df\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6709\u591f\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u6295\u7968\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u540e\u771f\u76f8\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u793a\u8131\u6b27\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u82f1\u56fd\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u771f\u76f8\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u4f2a\u9020\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u574f\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u597d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u540e\u771f\u76f8\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u88ab\u63ed\u9732\u5e76\u627e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u601d\u8003\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u64a4\u7a3f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u5960\u57fa\u4e8e\u8d28\u7591\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdd\u53cd\u7814\u7a76\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5219\u662f\u597d\u79d1\u5b66\u5fc5\u987b\u53cd\u5236\u540e\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alternative_facts\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">\u50cf\u7279\u6717\u666e\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u5f15\u8d77\u54d7\u7136\u7684\u201c\u53e6\u7c7b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d\u8bf4\u6cd5<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u6696\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd5\u56fe\u963b\u788d\u5168\u7403\u5176\u4ed6\u8fc7\u80a9\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\uff01\u5728\u540e\u771f\u76f8\u65f6\u4ee3\u8981\u62ef\u6551\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u6301\u4e4b\u4ee5\u6052\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u8bba\u8bc1\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u6765\u51fb\u9000\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u53e6\u7c7b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d(alternative facts)\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e2a\u505a\u6cd5\u6240\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u6e38\u884c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u521a\u521a\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u9762\u5411\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u8f7b\u6613\u91c7\u4fe1\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u6765\u627e\u51fa\u53e6\u7c7b\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u52a8\u5458\u6c9f\u901a\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4ee5\u6765\u624d\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u79d1\u7814\u754c\u5fe0\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e John \u7684\u8bbf\u8c08\u4e0a\u96c6\uff0c\u656c\u8bf7\u671f\u5f85\u4e0b\u96c6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0cJohn 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